Mortising machine



Sept. 25, .1923. 1469,170

G; E. NoRRls MORTISING MACHINE Filed July l5 1921 3 SheeiZS-SheeI l Sept. 25,1923. 1,469,170,

` G. E. NORRIS MORTIS ING MACHINE Filed July 13. 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 N MM site sides of thedoor 5 and to exercisesufiicient pressure tnereon to retain the frame firmly positioned against accidental dislo-l cation upon the edge of. the` door, oraiiy otherequivalent body. The casting 3 is provided With upstandi bosses 9, in which are positioned and tri-inl).I

mounted the loiver ends of spaced, parallel, upstanding` rods 10, which constitute, in effect,-a Vtiaclrivay. The upper ends the rods are suitably received Within spaced openingspi'ovided in the opposite endsof alhorizontally 'extending top bar 11,-\vh'ich extends parallel. with the casting 3, 'and by Lits inclusion the frame 2 is rendered sub- Yconstruction and embodies, at the opposite ends thereof,- spaced ears or bearings'll, ivhichfare `adapted to receive the side rods 10,;and operate' to enable the carriage to be readily moved in the same vertical plane as lthe frame 2, when it will be securely retained against undue lateral movement with respect to tlieframe 2. The carriage further includes vertically extending, spaced bars 15, which extend parallel ivith the rods lOand lie inthe saine vertical plane as the frame 2. The lower ends of the bars 15 integrally merge into a substantially curve(1 bottom bar 16, While the upper 1 ends of said bars are integrally formed With a horizontally extending upper bar 17, the oppo-Y site ends of the bars 1G and 1'? being;` fornied to include the bearings 11 by means of which the carriage as a Whole is slidably connected with the frame 2. rllliis construction of the carriage produces one of ample strength and yet exceptionally light in Weight. It will' be understood that the bars 15 11017 inclusive may be suitably ribbed andrreinforced, so as tio-enhance the strength thereof. Eisposed in'terniediately of the bai loand 17 and formed integrally viiiith the bars 15 is a pair of spaced horizontally extending arms 18, which are centrally aper- .turedr tofprovide repf-terinq' bearings for the reception of a traiisi rscly extending` operating shaft 19. rlhis shaft hassiiiiably fixed Yto one end thereof a inaiii drive gear 20, and this gear, in the present insti-inse,

.is adapted to be manually'rotated by providing the opposite ends of the shaft with crank arms 21, Whose kouter ends are equipped with handles 22, capable of being vmanually grasped so that by rotating the saine corresponding' movement may be imparted to the' shaft 19, and thence to the drive gear 20.

The gear 2O is formed to con'iprisea, plurality of concentrically"situated gears 23,

which rotate in unison With the gear' 2O and are employed, as will be hereinafter ex!" plained, to impart a variable reciprocating speed motion to the cutting` bit 2st ofthe machine. ,The arms 1S andthe upper bar 17 are provided with registering vertically spaced bearings 25, which receiverfor rotation the ends of a verticallydisposed gear shaft This shaft isprovided with a longitudinally extending,` lreyivay 2'?, iiiA which is positioned a lrey provided in slidy able gear 28, which is adjustable,longitudinally of rthe shaft 26 but is adapted to roytate in unison therewith.

rl`lie gear 28 adapt d to be manually operated so that the teeth thereof may be selectively engaged with the teeth'of aiiyof the concentric gears 23, whereby upon therotation of .the main drive gear 20 rotary movement will. ,beA ini-- parted to the shaft 26, and the speedof-rotation of saidshaft Will be regulated by the particular gear 23 in mesh with the slidable gear y28. as it `ivill be `clearly understooc..

Diny suitable ineansinay be provided for re` taining'the gear 28-in'its acjusted positions.` in this instance tlie-bossof said gear is provided Y iith a laterally extending` casing 29,

in which is situated a spring pressed ball '30, the latter being adapted to be forced into engagement with depressions provided in the shaft 2o, which depressions are situated toi-egister with the concentriegears 2B and ythus operate in conjunction with theball '30 to adjustably retain the slidable gear in its various operating positions.

Fixed to the upper end 4of the shaft 26 at a, point above. the keyivay 27 is a` Worin 32, which is located' to mesh With a Worin gear 33, the latter being: fixed upon a transversel f' extending` eountershaft Se; To effect the rotatable.support of the shaft 34, theiipper bar 1.7r of .the carriage is provided ivith bearing 35, in Which the inner end 'of the countershaf Vis rotatably received, the Worin ,gear 33 being disposed immediately 'adjacent to the said bearingV Theouter por- 1. 1: 1 .ci i tion oi the shalt 34, is suitably supported by means of a substantially l. shaped bearing; bracket 3G, whose horizontally lextending,v pi 1 t o -if, l aiiii ionneeeiv s oi urti. tieruppei part of oneof theyertical bars 15 of the carriage, While the vertical arin of the' bracket 3G `is suitably connef-.tedV s at ll, with alatoral horizontally proliectinig ear lli also kintegrally formed Withr one of the bars bracket 36 in combination with the bearing' will serve to provide a substantial support for rotatably receiving the-countersnait.

v`Mounted upon the outer end of counf ivill thus be understood that the f guide 41 invits outer surface. The member l0- is eccentrically connected with the outer end olthe countershalft 34, and is adapted to rotate in unison with the said shaft- AS shown more particularly in Figure 7 the guide 41 is equipped with an internally lofated nut 4 2, which is retained in place by means ot spaced longitudinally extending flanges 43, which. overlap the guide 41 and produce therebetween slot 44. lny conjunction with this structure a bushing 45 is pro vided, which includes an annular collar 46, arranged to be engaged with the outer surface of the member 40, and the said bushingV further includes an outwardly projectingstud 47, and an inwardly projecting stud 4S, which is slidably received within the slot The said bushing is provided with in internal bore, in Vwhich ispositioned the sha-nk of a screw 49, the latter being provided at its outer end' with an enlarged head' 5.0, which is designed to engage with the outer end of the studt?, and isspaced from the collar 46 to provide a construction whereby one end of a bit holder oscillatinglinl 51 may b-e adjustably and swivelly cured in conjunction with the. crank membcr 40. It will be seen that when the head 50 `and the ycollar 46 are normally spaced, the` end orn the link 51 will be securely confined therebetween, so that upon the rotation ot the crank .member oscillatory back and forth motion may be imparted to the linlfl. The` throw orf the link may be regulated by ad justing the bushing 45 andI coopera-ting structure longitudinally ot the crank membei' 40, las it will be apparent that when the crank armis moved away from the axis of the crank member, the throw of said link will be lengthened and vice versa, the linl; construction gives uniform travel of oscillatinO arm 53. 'i

.Y lllanitestly, by tightening thescrew that its shankend will be threaded into the bore of the nut 42, a sufficient irictional pressure may be exercised upon the bushing fa to retain the lat-ter in any given position ot adjustinenty with respect to the crank arm, thus when the screw is tightened the nut will be drawn toward the inner` surface ci the spaced fingers 43, while the bushing` will have its collar 46 pressed firmly against the outer surface o1 said lingers, a construction bei g thus provided whereby the throw oi ythe linl: may be conveniently regulated. and forth movement ofthe link or nit man 51 controls thev extent of movement oft the bit 24' and accordingly governs the length of any given mortise, or if and vfor con-r venience in adjusting the machine, the crank member has its outer surface provided with graduations 52 with which the marked eenA ter of the bushing may bei registered, thus enabling' an operator to accurately set the ymachine so that' a mortis-e of desired length This extension terminates at its lower er i ,opening in which'is positioned tbc reduced supper; end ot thebit 24, the e:

may be readilyproduced. ,To transmit the motion of the link or pitiuan 51 to 'the bit 24, the present invention provides an oscil-j` latory bit operatingmember 53,'. vrThis inem-` ber is provided centra-lly'with anfenlargrvl hub 54, which has its bearings rotatably p0# sitioned around the operating shalt 19, and is confined between the arms 18 ot theV ca riage, the upper portion of the said opera f ing member termimiting in an angularly disclosed arm 55', to the uppei` ond of which is swiveled, as at 56 the outer end oit' the link 51. it will thus be manitest that theV oscillation oit' the link, eliiected by thecri member 40, Awill rei ilt in imparting simi. oscillation to the member 53, and that the extent ont' oscillation of said member may be varied and regulated by the throw imparted to the link 51 through the mechanism pre viously described. I 1

The member 53 .beneath the hub 54 is provided with an lintegral downwardly disposed extension 57, which is adapted to-oscillate between the side bars 15 ot the l in a horizontally extending shelf -583 wnich is provided with a downv-iardly tending "sleeve 59, the latter being received within an arcuate slot 60 'formed i lower bar 16 of the carriage. .lt w1 observed that this bar is' of curved cons tionV and constitutes a `portion'otla ci cle,jV whose center is donned by the axis o@ the'y operating shait19, whicii axis is also there-i tatableaXis about which the `member 53 is permitted to-oscillate.v The presence ot the slot 60r serves to generally strengthen tte construction of the member 56 by ing undue oscillation or vibration there and produces a tool which will operate evenly and uniformlyv with an absence ot 'undue vibration; The extension also in- 'Y cludes a second sleeve 6l, in which is slidably positioned a bitholder 62. This holder isprovided with longitudinally en* l 'ie no i end ot said bit shea-tt being providedV wi collar and balls for end thrust and .re M nuts 64, by means ot which the said l be securely yet detachahly retained in, con! junction with the holder.

, The'extension 57 is provided with ,'ert-i4r cal slot 65, in which is positioned the oii'set lower end 66. ot the holder 62, and in this instance the said endv 66 is provided with an an'tifriction roller 67, which is adapted to be 'received within an arcuate slot 68 Vtoured in to vthat of the slot 60, and thus an arrangement is provided whereby the bit will be enabled to reciprocate when in operation, so that the lower end thereof will produce a mortise which will possess a straight bottom wall instead of a curved or segmental wall,

as is the case when the bit oscillates without reciprocating.

The reciprocating bit has the advantage over the type which merely oscillates in that it merely cuts the door` 6 to the required depth necessary to receive alock or latch casing, andv avoids cutting the door excessively or unnecessarily. The bit shank is provided with a keyway 70., wnich receives a key or the like provided in a spur pinionv71. This pinion is a lapted to mesh with the outer gear 72 of the concentric gears provided upon the main drive gear, as is clearly shown in Figure 2. ylBy this con structon of the machine, it will be seen that in operation the stationary frame will be clamped to the work by means of the screw 7. Then, by manually rotating the handles 22, rotation will be imparted to the operating shaft 19. transmitted to the main drive gear and thence by reasonof the gear 71 to the bit shaft 24, causing the rotation of the latter. -Uscillating back and forth motion is then imparted to the bit automatically so that a mortise of desired length may be produced.

This back and forth motion has been pro-r vided by reason of the gears 23, which serve.

to drive the gear shaft 26 and through the medium of the worm gearing 32 and 33 rotary motion is imparted to the countershaft 34 and its fixed crank member 40. From the crank member 40 oscillatory motion is imparted to the bit operating member 53 by the link 51, and the extent of loscillation of the member 53 and the consequent length of a mortise may be regulated bythe provision of the adjustable bushing 45. lt will. be seen that the oscillation of the member 53 causes back and forth motion to be imparted to the bit when the latter is in the state of rotation,

.and the oscillatory motion of the member 53 v is transformed so as to impart,reciprocatory motion to thebit by reason of the slidable holder 62 and the slot construction 68 yprovided therefor in the web 69 of the carriage.

ln order to permit of the regulated infeed of the bit in the process of forming a inortise, .the upper end of the gear shaft, as shown in Figures 5 and (his provided with a cam 73', which is capable of rotating in unison with the shaft 26 when the latter is revolving in a specified direction. This cam is adapted to oscillate a lever 74, the said lever being pivotally received upon the upper bar 17 ofthe carriage 13, and the hub 75 thereof which is centrally disposed, is adapted to be positioned about the upper end of a feed screw 6, which is rotatably carried by the carriage andv disposed vertically thereof,

From this shaft motion 1s the upper end of said screw serving as a pivot for the reception of the lever 74, The under part of the lever is provided with a fixed depending projection 77 against which the free end of a coil spring 78 is disposed to engage, the opposite or fixed end of the spring being mounted in connection with a stationary part of the carriage, the normal tendency of the spring being to maintain the outer or free end 79 of the lever in engagement with the cam 73, whereby upon the rotation of said cam, through the medium of the gear shaft, oscillation will be imparted to the lever. n

The upperend of the feed screw 76'is in this instance provided'with a vfixed ratchet wheel 80, and the upper surface of the lever 74 is equipped with a casing 81, containing slidable dogs 82 and 83, the same being forced outwardly of the easing by means of an interposed spring` 84. The dog 82 is, by reason of the spring 84, normally maintained in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet, and it will be apparent that as the lever 74 oscillates in responding to the action of the cam 73V and the spring 78, intermittent rotary motion will be imparted to the feed s screw 73. The carriage is also provided with a spring pressed plunger 85,'which engages with the Vteeth of the ratchet wheel to prevent the latter from rotating when the dog` 82 is/being moved to a gripping position. lt will also be observed that the cam 73 will rotate with the gear shaft in but 'one direction. Thus the hub of the cam is provided with a substantially wedge shaped socket 86, in which is positioned a roller 87, the latter being so located that when the gear shaft revolves in an anti-clock-wise direction, the roller 87 will be forced into the narrow portions of the socket 86, enabling the gear shaft to be connected with the cam for rotation in unison therewith, reverse motion, however, of the' gear shaft will 'automatically cause the cam to be freed from rotary connection with the gear shaft.

@ne of the rods 10 is formed to include a fixed inwardly extending bracket 88, which includes a vertical opening 89 adapted to slidably receive the lower threaded end of the feed screw 7 6. The said bracket is further provided with a bore 90 closed at its outer end by means of a threaded plug'91, and adapted to receive a longitudinally mov'-` able stein 92. This stem is provided with a fixed collar 93 against which one end of a spring 94 engages, the other end of the spring vided with a projection 9G, which is capable of engaging with a fixed enlargement 97 provided upon the'plug 91. l'twill be manifest that when the knob is withdrawn and rotated so that the projections 96 and 97 are in registration, the inner end of the stem will be withdrawn from engagement with the feed screw. However', when the stem is positioned as disclosed in Figure 8, the feed screw will be engaged so as to regulate down-v ward movement of the carriage and consequently the bit carried thereby. Thus,'when the feed screw is operated through the medium of the ratchet mechanism an intermittent infeed movement will be imparted to the bit, whereby a mortise of desired depth may be produced.

The infeed movement of the machine may be automatically curtailed by providing the main frame with a. fixed vertically disposed bar 98, which is suitably graduated to denote inches. Slidably received by this bar is an adjustable stop lug 99, which through the medium of a set screw 100 may be adjusted longitudinally of the bar 98 and retained in various set positions of adjustment thereon. The lug 99 is so disposed that the dog 83`will engage therewith when the carriage has moved downwardly a predetermined distance. It will be seen that the lever 74 oscillates by reason of the cam 73, and consequently since the lug 99 is fixed and can not rotate, the same will engage with the spring pressed dog 83 and will retain the lever against movement, holding the end of the same out of engagement with the actuating cam 7 3, By thus arresting oscillation on the part of the lever 74, it will be apparent that further infeeding of the bit will be precluded. rlhe dog 83 is spring pressed and is provided with a beveled surface in order to permit of proper engagement therewith with the lug 99. To raise the carriage, it is simply necessary to withdraw and rotate the stem 92 so as to register the parts 96 and 97. This withdraws the stem from engagement with the feed screw and allows the carriage to be manually elevated. When/elevated to a normal position, the carriage may be retained therein by releasing the stem and permitting the latter to again engage with the feed screw. V

It will be seen that by reason of the con struction described, the present invention provides a mortising machine which appreciably simplifies and improves the construction of machines hitherto produced for this purpose. Y The machine is light in weight, can be readily applied to the work and may be operated efliciently under various working conditions encountered in tlie use of the machine.` TheV machine differs generally from the machines of the prior art by providing improved arrangements of its mechanical parts forv the purpose of renderof the machine may be governed at will and f to thus adapt the same to various working conditions, that is, to soft or hard woods,

or to bits of varying sizes. Another feature of importance resides in th'J construction for effecting the oscillation of the bit operating member 53. lt will be noted that this construction includes essentially the crank member l0 and the link 5,1. It, will be apparent that when the link 51 is positioned at the point zero on the crank member 40, osci1lation on the part of the bit operating member will be precluded.thus enabling the bit to bore a round smooth hole, which is some times needed in the operation of machines of this kind. A thrust bearing 101 is provided at the upper end of the bit shaft, and is adapted to receive the wear caused by the forcing of the bit into a mortise.

It will be understood that the invention isynot limited in its practical embodiment to the specific constructionillustrated and described, but that such modifications thereof may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention, that may be said fairly to fall within the scope of the following claims.

Vhat is claimed is:

1. A mortising machine comprising a framework, a carriage slidably mounted in connection with said frame work, an oscillatory bit operating member mounted in connection with said carriage, a bit adapted for connection with said member, and a main drive element consisting` of a plurality of substantially concentrically disposed gears capable of simultaneously effecting the rotation of said bit and oscillating said member at selected speeds. v

2. A mortising machine comprising a frame, a carriage slidably mounted upon said frame, an oscillatory bit operating member mounted in connection with said can riage, a bit mounted*` in connection with said member, a main drive element mounted for rotation in connection with said'carriage and including a plurality of substantially concentrically disposed gears, the outer of said gears being disposed to eect the roloci tation of said bit, and the remaining gears v Y said bit including an operating shaft, a plurality or" concentrically disposed gears rotatable With said element, and an adjustable gear mounted upon said shaft and capable of being selectively engaged with said concentrically disposed gears to impart varying lateral speeds ot travel to said bit.

Ll. A mortising machine comprising a frame, a carriage slidable upon said frame, a main drivel element rotatably supported in connection with said carriage and including a plurality of lconcentrically disposed gears, a bit, a bit operating member mounted for oscillation in connection with said carriage and adapted to impart lateral travel to said bit, a rotatable crank device capable of being driven at varying speeds by said gears,

bit, a bit supporting structure, means for moving said structure back and forth, said means including a plurality of concentrically disposed gears capable, of oscillating said structure at varying speeds, and means for effecting the rotation of said bit duringrtbe oscillation of said structure.

6. A mortising machine comprising a frame` a carriage slidable on saidl frame, a rotatably mounted drive element provided upon said carriage, said element being formed to include a plurality of concentrically disposed gears, a bit, a bit operating structure mounted in connection with said carriage and voperable to impart lateral movement to said bit, means cooperative with said concentrically disposed gears tor oscillating said structure at varying speeds, and a pinion carried by sa'id bit and cooperative with the outer of said gears for effecting the rotation ot' said bit simultane-v GEORGE n. Noninis, 

